[Asn1, Val5]-Angiotensin II is used to study the effects of ACTH, serotonin, Ang II, carbachol and elevated [K+] on catecholamine and serotonin release; to induce cyclophilin D (CypD)–dependent mitochondrial vascular superoxide (O2. - ) production in hypertension. to increase the homocysteine-induced ER stress-inducible, ubiquitin-like domain member 1 (HERPUD1) protein level in HeLa cells.